合成射流激励器阵列对共轴射流掺混的影响

分别对单列和多列合成射流激励器控制共轴射流掺混流场进行了详细的二维非定常数值模拟,通过对其温度场分布和掺混过程进行分析,探讨激励器阵列进行掺混控制的机理.在研究过程中,考虑了相邻合成射流的影响.结果表明,激励器的采用使得整个流场的非定常性增强、湍流度增大,从而增强了共轴射流及其与周围流体间的掺混;两列激励器较单列激励器相比,前者具有更强的控制能力,这主要是由于相邻合成射流比单个合成射流有着更显著作用力的缘故.      

Drag Reduction for an Airship with Proper Arrangement of Propellers

In this article, the flow field around an airship with propellers blowing is calculated on the basis of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with SST turbulent models. Modeled each as an actuator disk, the propellers are arranged at different positions around the body of airship in the flow direction. The numerical results show that the blowing propellers produce open outer flows. They drive the separated vortexes off the body thus reducing the drag coefficients. The results also show that the position after leading sucking peak is the best place for a propeller to blow. When the propellers are positioned after sucking peak, the longer the area which the propellers work on, the more the profile drag coefficients can be reduced. If the working position of propeller moves from the sucking peak forward to the leading edge, the friction drag coefficient will increase. The bigger the diameter of the propellers and the stronger the pressure jump, the more the drag coefficient will be reduced. The results also reveal that for the design of circularly-positioned propellers with space intervals, the more drag coefficient reduction results, the smaller the space interval is specified.     

飞控系统极限环抑制对

舵机是电传飞控系统中非线性因素的重要组成部分,若参数选择不当,常会发生稳态不衰减的小幅值极限环振荡现象。应用非线性控制理论,将飞控系统稳定性要求转化为对舵机的幅频特性、相频特性和不灵敏区范围要求,从而通过舵机设计达到抑制极限环的目的。仿真结果表明,该方法简单、实用,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

电动静液作动器框图建模与控制

功率电传作动系统是未来飞行控制的发展方向,它取消了传统的中央液压油源.电动静液作动器是功率电传系统的执行机构,在作动器端把电能转化为局部液压能,兼具传统液压系统和直接电力驱动作动器的优点.根据其元部件数学方程,建立非线性框图子模型,构造了一种定排量变转速电动静液作动器,完善了补油回路和摩擦特性的描述.通过考察作动器稳定性、静态刚度和动态性能指标,对单环比例、积分、微分(PID,Proportion Integration Differentiation)、多环PID、全状态反馈控制等方法进行了设计及比较分析.仿真结果表明,结合动态压力反馈策略的全状态反馈控制器能有效改善系统的动、静态性能.     

Lumped element modelling of synthetic jet actuators

In this paper, a lumped element model of synthetic jet actuator is presented and used to predict the temporal variation of the jet velocity. Unlike the previous model reported in the literature, in this model the mechanical movement of the diaphragm is decoupled from the fluid phenomenon in the actuator cavity to allow the modelling of fluid mechanics aspect of the actuator to be investigated and validated separately. Furthermore, the “minor losses” occurring at the orifice exit is included and linked to the jet exit velocity profile. The results from this model are validated using the existing experimental data and CFD simulations. It is found that this model is capable of predicting the temporal variation of synthetic jets both in phase and magnitude when the actuator is operating away from the Helmholtz resonance frequency. Although the model fails to predict the correct phase information at the Helmholtz resonance frequency, it can still produce the jet peak velocity that is in good agreement with the experimental data. The lumped element model presented in this paper can be used to provide a reliable prediction of the jet peak velocity needed in the initial design of synthetic jet actuators for practical applications.     

电动静液作动器非线性框图建模与鲁棒控制方法

 阐述了机载电动静液作动器（EHA）的典型工作原理与结构特点,根据其元部件数学方程,建立非线性精确框图模型,完善了EHA补油回路和摩擦特性的描述。通过对系统阻尼、稳态误差及摩擦的仿真分析,设计了一种结合动态压力反馈与变增益控制策略的状态反馈控制器,改善了系统动、静态性能。鲁棒性测试结果反映了系统参数不确定性对性能的影响。     

关系矩阵法在发动机执行机构故障检测中的应用

作为航空发动机控制系统的重要组成部分, 执行机构的故障检测与隔离目前尚缺少有效方法.本文提出了一种新颖的解决问题途径, 利用相互关系矩阵, 通过发动机输出与控制器指令计算执行机构输出的偏差, 可以达到检测、隔离多个执行机构故障的目的.数字仿真表明, 这一方法在航空发动机执行机构故障检测中, 具有较高的准确性.      

基于振动传递符号有向图的齿轮箱嵌入式传感器优化配置模型与算法

针对嵌入式条件下振动信号的采集方式、传递路径与传统方式不同的特点,采用有限元仿真方法,分析了嵌入式传感下齿轮箱故障振动的传递特性,在此基础上建立了基于故障振动传递符号有向图的优化配置模型,并研究了基于粒子群优化的求解算法.案例仿真结果验证了上述方法的有效性,为在齿轮箱内部合理嵌入传感器提供了一种可行途径.      

利用压电驱动器改善飞机横滚性能的试验验证

利用分布粘帖在矩形机翼上下两面的压电驱动器,探索使用该类结构提高飞行器横滚能力的可能性。通过风洞模型设计、材料性能测试、模型固有特性测试、压电柔度矩阵测试等试验项目,保证了有限元模型的计算精度,最终通过模型的风洞试验验证了利用气动弹性效应,获得了附加升力与横滚力矩的方案。该原理性试验说明利用分布式压电驱动器改善横滚性能是可行的。     

旋翼气动提前操纵角研究

为了保证某型直升机操纵系统设计的顺利进行,本文基于国内外相关资料对气动提前操纵角进行了深入的研究,得出该角度主要取决于桨叶挥舞基阶固有频率ωβ1.而ωβ1与挥舞铰外伸量e、桨叶根部弹性约束Kβ和挥舞调节系数Kp密切相关.通过分析e,Kβ和Kp对气动提前操纵角△ψ的影响,推导出计算该角度的具体公式.采用该公式对几个型号进行计算,经校核与验证后,表明本文提供的计算方法可行,能满足工程精度,可应用于工程研究,从而为布置助力器提供理论依据.